Bile Function

The gallbladder is one of the organs in the human body with a very small size, where this organ is located at the bottom of the heart. Although the shape is very small, the function of bile is very large for the human body.

In general, Bile has two important roles for the human body, namely in the digestive system and in the human body's excretion system. However, not only the two functions, because Bile has other functions.

Bile Formation Process
This bile is produced by the liver and will be stored in the gallbladder and the sac is located at the bottom of the liver. The liver can produce about 500 to 600 ml of bile every day.

During eating, the bile will be removed from the bag through the bile duct and flowed to the liver. This bile duct plays a role in connecting the gallbladder and also the liver to the small intestine.

Therefore bile functions to help in the process of digestion of fat that occurs in the small intestine. Bile itself is composed of various substances, namely bile salts, which are also called bile acids, cholesterol, water, copper and also pigments.

One of the pigments contained in bile is bilirubin. Bilirubin can cause jaundice if it has accumulated too much in the blood and body tissues.

Structure of Bile
In the gallbladder there are three protective layers or wrapping layers of the gallbladder, which are as follows;

1. On the outside, bile is a visceral peritoneum.
2. In the middle of the bile is a wall composed of smooth muscle fibers. The contraction of these muscles is influenced by the body's hormonal system and functions to release bile into the duodenum.
3. Meanwhile, inside it is a mucous membrane composed of epithelial cells that are simple and have a cylindrical shape.

Meanwhile, Bile is divided into several sections, including the following;

• Vesica Fellea is one part that contains liquid, where this liquid is produced in the body and can develop in the body through the digestive system.
• Cystic gait is one part that plays a role in forming gait simultaneously in the liver glands.
• The liver canal is a part of a lump produced from the gallbladder.

Bile Function

The following are some of the functions of bile in the human body, which include;

1. Helps Digestive Enzyme Performance

The function of bile indigestion is to neutralize stomach acid. So that it can help digestive enzymes to function properly in neutral conditions.

Digestive enzymes that function in the small intestine can work perfectly in alkaline conditions, while the substances contained in the food that enters the intestine have acidic properties.

This acidic nature is obtained by mixing HCl, gastric secretion which is used to digest the food that enters the body. Well, this is where the role of bile is needed by the body.

Bile has the basic properties of a pH between 7.5 and 8.05. The acidic nature of the small intestine triggers the secretion of hormones from the pancreas. This hormone is responsible for stimulating bile to absorb water and sodium bicarbonate.

As a result, the concentration of bile will decrease or become thinner, but the pH of the bile will increase compared to when it is still in the gallbladder.

With its pH value, this bile functions to help optimize the function of digestive enzymes by neutralizing acidic properties and creating alkaline conditions where digestive enzymes can work well.

The more acidic types of food that enter the intestine, the more bile is released.

2. Bile As A Fat Thinner

The human body is made up of 70% water. The water in the human body acts as a solvent for food substances so that it can be easily absorbed by the body.

But what about fat? Fat with water is very difficult to mix. The mixture of fat with water can be stable with the help of emulsifiers. The nature of the emulsifier is that it has two groups, polar and also non-polar.

This property is owned by bile acids. This bile acid has a surface that is accompanied by polar peptide bonds, so water molecules (hydrophilic) will be attracted, while on other surfaces it tends to be hydrophobic.

The hydrophobic surface binds to fat and forms a structure called micelles.

3. Helps Lipase Enzyme Performance

Lipase enzyme has a function to convert fat into two molecules, namely fatty acids and glycerin. Fat particles tend to be easily united and form larger particles. As a result, the effects of this lipase enzyme slow down.

Therefore, Bile serves to help the performance of the lipase enzyme by forming micelles. Micelles serve to help expand the surface of the particle, so the lipase enzyme can quickly remodel fat.

4. Bile Functioning As A Bactericide

Imagine how many microbes have entered the body through food. Because there are a lot of microbes in food that enter the body.

But why don't you get sick with every meal? Well, this is where the role of the immune system works.

In addition to the immune system, the digestive system also has defense mechanisms such as bile. The function of bile is to create alkaline conditions that can kill or inhibit microbes that enter the body through food.

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